Fractal analysis has emerged as a vital tool in understanding the inherent complexity and spatial dynamics of urban patterns and networks. By focusing on the properties of self-similarity and scale ...

In order to maximize yield, IC design companies spend a lot of effort to analyze what types of design styles are needed and used in their layouts (standard cells, macros, routing layers, and so forth) ...

Automatic test-pattern generation (ATPG) has played a key role in semiconductor logic test, but several trends driving the need for semiconductor test quality are challenging traditional ATPG tools.