Long-distance experiments in quantum information science, and in particular featuring quantum key distribution (QKD), are of the utmost importance for future technological applications. Such ...

Continuous-variable quantum cryptography has emerged as a significant branch of quantum cryptography, with continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) at its core. However, compared to ...

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for communication with security guaranteed by quantum theory. The main theoretical problem in QKD is to calculate the secret key rate for a given protocol.

Figure 1: Schematic of a quantum key distribution system. The transmitter (Alice) and receiver (Bob) generate composable keys by transmitting quantum states over an insecure quantum channel, ...