In Tanzania, we watched on many occasions when small flocks of red-billed birds descended upon the backs of giraffes, cape buffalo, elephants and hippopotamuses, prancing around like they owned them.

As economists and theorists circle around the idea of the “future of capitalism,” the old-new concept of “mutualism” is emerging from the bottom up, as the next “ism” beyond capitalism that provides ...

There are plenty of examples of mutualism in nature. Be it the rhinosaurus and the oxpecker, clownfish and sea anemones, or sharks and remora fish, there are unlikely besties in the wild that work ...

Endosymbiotic relationships—in which one organism lives within another—are striking examples of mutualism, and can often significantly shape the biology of the participant species. In new findings ...

We do this every day with domesticated species such as dogs or horses: They help us find something or carry us somewhere, and, in return, we provide them with food and shelter. In biological terms, ...