How plants sense the pH in the space between their cells has been uncovered. The pH in the extracellular space of plants is critical parameter for various processes, including growth and immunity. It ...

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors have a large extracellular region (shown in green and orange) that extends into space outside the cell. Almost 35% of drugs approved by the Food and Drug ...

Studies of signal transduction have yielded a wealth of information about the molecules required to transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. Yet it still remains unknown how a signaling ...

Therapeutics that leverage protein degradation as their primary mechanism of action appear to be a validated new therapeutic modality. The current clinical molecules are focused on degrading ...

New research combines two powerful imaging techniques to study the complete structure of a common aGPCR, including how its long and complex extracellular region interacts with the transmembrane region ...

This original animation illustrates that presynaptic neurons secrete VLK, which then phosphorylates the extracellular side of ephrin type-B receptor 2 (EphB2) extruding from the membranes of ...

Researchers headed by a team at the University of Texas at Dallas’ Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS) have made a fundamental discovery about a key mechanism that enables nervous system ...

Over the last decade, antibodies that block extracellular receptors on our immune cells have redefined the treatment approach for certain cancers. Now, all eyes are on how using the opposite approach ...

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed on the surface of cells and regulate a range of important functions. Because they are involved in so many sensory and physiological processes, ...

Receptor proteins, expressed on the cell surface or within the cell, bind to different signaling molecules, known as ligands, initiating cellular responses. Taste receptors, expressed in oral tissues, ...