They look like house flies. But these buggers bite. The stable fly has a well-earned reputation as a persistent and severe biter. It’s about seven millimeters long and can be told from the common ...

Stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) are recognised as significant pests in livestock systems worldwide. Their biting activity not only irritates animals, leading to stress and reduced productivity, but ...

Costa Rica’s position as the world’s largest producer of pineapple brings with it a parallel problem for the country’s livestock and dairy industry. Its pineapple processing plants are surrounded by ...