At times we wish to examine statistical evidence, and determine whether it supports or contradicts a claim that has been made (or that we might wish to make) concerning the entire population. This is ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Psychology is in a bit of trouble these days. It has made headlines for questionable interpretations of statistics and for well-known studies that can’t be replicated. Other quantitative social and ...