Pupil dilation provides a physiological readout of information gain during the brain's internal process of belief updating in the context of associative learning.

Bayesian inference is a statistical method of inductive reasoning based on the reassessment of competing hypotheses in the presence of new evidence. Conceptually similar to the scientific method ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

This important study combines optogenetic manipulations and wide-field imaging to show that the retrosplenial cortex controls behavioral responses to whisker deflection in a context-dependent manner.

Casey Murphy has fanned his passion for finance through years of writing about active trading, technical analysis, market commentary, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), commodities, futures, options, and ...