The Monte Carlo simulation technique, named for the famous Monaco gambling resort, originated during World War II as a way to model potential outcomes from a random chain of events. It is particularly ...

Discrete combinatorial optimization has a central role in many scientific disciplines, however, for hard problems we lack linear time algorithms that would allow us to solve very large instances.

Fuzzy statistics and random variables represent a progressive fusion of traditional probability theory with the principles of fuzzy logic, enabling the treatment of imprecision and vagueness inherent ...