Abstract: In this paper, a four-color coloring algorithm for maximal planar graphs with finite boundary is proposed, which aims to explore the four-color coloring method for complex planar graphs.

Google’s June 2025 Core Update just finished. What’s notable is that while some say it was a big update, it didn’t feel disruptive, indicating that the changes may have been more subtle than game ...

Abstract: In this paper, Heawood's counterexample graph is artificially colored by using the algorithm of planar graph four-colorable based on path homotopy search, which verifies the feasibility and ...

This article introduces a model-based design, implementation, deployment, and execution methodology, with tools supporting the systematic composition of algorithms from generic and domain-specific ...

Graph theory is an integral component of algorithm design that underlies sparse matrices, relational databases, and networks. Improving the performance of graph algorithms has direct implications to ...

Java program demonstrating Mario, Zelda, and Pokemon to be NP-hard. Also includes algorithms for planarity testing, planar embedding, and graph drawing.

In the contemporary technological landscape, ensuring confidentiality is a paramount concern addressed through various skillsets. Cryptography stands out as a scientific methodology for safeguarding ...