Morningstar Quantitative Ratings for Stocks are generated using an algorithm that compares companies that are not under analyst coverage to peer companies that do receive analyst-driven ratings.

Anna Attkisson is a full-time Senior Editorial Director for Investopedia, overseeing content strategy and operations. Anna has spent 20 years crafting content around highly complex topics and ...

Neural encoding is the study of how neurons represent information with electrical activity (action potentials) at the level of individual cells or in networks of neurons. Studies of neural encoding ...

Andrew Bloomenthal has 20+ years of editorial experience as a financial journalist and as a financial services marketing writer. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and an expert in ...