1. Over 40 years after the introduction of the concept into ecology, intransitive (i.e. non-hierarchical) competition remains overlooked by ecological theory, despite theoretical work showing it could ...

There have been many studies on the capability of non-human animals to mimic transitive actions—actions that have a purpose. Hardly any studies have shown that animals are also capable of intransitive ...

In this paper the relationship between transitive preference and the structure of the space on which preference is defined is studied in detail. The main results give conditions under which the ...