Abstract: This article describes position sensorless control for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) based on improved current derivative method, unlike the traditional current derivative ...

Abstract: The potential for renewable energy in Indonesia is very high, including solar energy. Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight into electricity, where the result depends on the type of solar ...

The bitcoin BTC $89,369.32 market grew much calmer in 2025 as institutions embraced derivatives tied to the leading cryptocurrency to generate extra cash from their idle coin holdings. The calmness is ...

Institutions are increasingly using proven bitcoin BTC $89,297.65 options techniques on alternative cryptocurrencies to protect against price swings and earn extra returns, STS Digital, a principal ...