Abstract: Deep neural network (DNN) models have been widely used in many tasks due to their superior performance. However, DNN models are usually vulnerable to adversarial example attacks, which ...

In his decades-long career in tech journalism, Dennis has written about nearly every type of hardware and software. He was a founding editor of Ziff Davis’ Computer Select in the 1990s, senior ...

Everyone knows and loves the first three normal forms. We go through the process of normalization to remove redundancies in our data structures. But the redundancies we remove have nothing to do with ...

Transformers have revolutionized natural language processing as the foundation of large language models (LLMs), excelling in modeling long-range dependencies through self-attention mechanisms. However ...

AI training and inference are all about running data through models — typically to make some kind of decision. But the paths that the calculations take aren’t always straightforward, and as a model ...

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada ...

If you’re completely new to Microsoft Word, you’re probably wondering where to begin. You’ve come to the right place because we’ll get you started. From what you see in the Word window to how to save ...

See a spike in your DNA–protein interaction quantification results with these guidelines for spike-in normalization. A team of researchers at the University of California San Diego (CA, USA) have ...

Description: Normalize the database to Second Normal Form (2NF). Second Normal Form (2NF) removes partial dependencies; this means that all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the ...