Abstract: The Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a widely used framework for modeling decision-making problems. However, its traditional representation as a set of states and actions may be limited in ...

Learn the benefits and risks of options and how to start trading options Lucas Downey is the co-founder of MoneyFlows, and an Investopedia Academy instructor. Samantha (Sam) Silberstein, CFP®, CSLP®, ...