Type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) comprise 12 protein components, VirB1–VirB11 and VirD4. VirB2 forms a pilus and is co-purified with VirB5. VirB4, VirB11 and VirD4 are ATPases powering pilus assembly ...

Abstract: I welcome you to the fourth issue of the IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials in 2021. This issue includes 23 papers covering different aspects of communication networks. In particular, ...