Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is a trenchless method for installing underground utilities such as pipelines, cables, or conduits without excavating large trenches. The process begins with a pilot bore, where a drilling rig creates a small-diameter, precisely controlled borehole along a predetermined path. Once the pilot bore is complete, the borehole is enlarged by back-reaming to the desired diameter, allowing the utility to be pulled into place. HDD is highly versatile and suitable for